The Role of Culture in International Management Free Essays

‘One of the most significant standards to recall when working inside a worldwide association is that there isn't really one right method of doing things,’says Professor Geert Hofstede With creating globalization of business over the world, the capacity of representatives to work viably and productively has gotten progressively imperative to the elements achievement. Diverse comprehension by people and the association in general serves to take out errors that could hurt the business and amplify the best credit every individual brings to the table. Viable worldwide supervisors are those with the shrewdness to look for serious edge through intercultural preparing, increasing a total comprehension of their worldwide markets so they can design and execute as needs be. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Role of Culture in International Management or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now what's more the new, globalized, borderless economy is confronting universal chiefs. The reason has changed from boundless development to vulnerability and alert, yet critically, the reason of chance in worldwide business stays unaltered. The questionable economy and expanding geopolitical unpredictability just evens the odds for chiefs around the globe. How supervisors react, how they oversee and transform the expanding dangers into circumstances, gets essential to accomplishment in today’s condition. Presently, like never before, all understudies must perceive that they will have the qualifier â€Å"international† before whatever their picked vocation field. The entire world is presently associated electronically and mentally; it is difficult to envision any business or nonbusiness association that isn't legitimately influenced by globalization. The test in the unsure worldwide economy is to learn and successfully practice global administration. Those with the information and abilities to apply on universal administration will be stepping toward increasing an upper hand in today’s unsure, remarkable condition. Step by step instructions to refer to The Role of Culture in International Management, Essay models

Refilction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Refilction - Essay Example Trustworthiness †Integrity implies being unquestionably sound in issues relating to administration. In issues relating to moral initiative, honesty shapes a significant column on which different properties rest upon. It is difficult to rehearse moral administration when one’s trustworthiness is faulty. Information †This alludes to understanding that is collected with time from either examining or experience. In moral authority, information is significant in light of the fact that information is power and thusly just those pioneers that have information can use force and lead others appropriately. Participation †This implies intently cooperating with others so as to achieve assignments. It follows then that the accomplishment of moral authority is to a great extent subject to close working of pioneers with the individuals that they lead. Incorporation of these Values into Leadership Style Integration of these qualities into moral initiative isn't a simple assignm ent that can be attempted for the time being nevertheless it is a procedure. In this procedure, the primary thing is know about these qualities and afterward epitomize them inside ourselves. Epitomizing these qualities essentially implies living them and letting them become some portion of our every day lives. In this respects, it turns out to be anything but difficult to lead a way of life that is exuding from what we trust in. Subsequent to holding onto these qualities as our inward fundamental beliefs, the following stage is creating dreams that are significant roads of communicating the guiding principle inside us. It at that point turns out to be exceptionally simple to coordinate these qualities into moral administration through the qualities that we have created. Supporting Core Values in Ethical Decision Making Supporting of basic beliefs in proficient life particularly in times when we need to settle on moral choices is testing. The principal thing is to stand firm with our choices and not permit us to invert them. This is significant in light of the fact that when we permit to be moved from the choices that we make, it shows that we don't know of ourselves and along these lines we can't be trusted with difficulties of administration. What's more, it isn't a great idea to permit individual feelings to meddle with our dynamic procedures. This is on the grounds that feelings for the most part temper with our capacity to think plainly and impartially. At the point when feelings are associated with our dynamic, almost certainly, an inappropriate choices will be made. My Five Greatest Strengths One of my most noteworthy qualities is mental quality. Mental quality is the capacity to obviously consider issues and settle on the right decisions. I came to find out about this quality here and there back when I was picked to head a team in my work place. This team should concoct proposals on the best way to enlist new staff. Another quality that I have is perfor ming multiple tasks whereby I can attempt various assignments simultaneously. This quality isn't anything but difficult to ace and I came to find it during when I was going that team. Around then, I should deal with various issues and matters other than conveying on my activity. A third quality that I realize I have is acceptable cooperation with others around me. I have known about this quality since I was a little youngster when developing with my kin. Significantly after I joined primary school and my later school life, I was never without companions and individuals have constantly thought of me as a social and agreeable individual. The fourth quality that I h

Looking for financial aid COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Looking for financial aid COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Financing a graduate education is a challenge. To assist in this regard, SIPAs Office of Admissions and Financial Aid works with SIPA students to explore their options for loans, fellowships, and work study programs.   SIPA’s fellowship and assistantship funds (funds that do not have to be repaid after graduation) are very limited. Therefore, you should be looking for external sources of funding.   A great resource to begin your search for such awards is the SIPA Database for External Grants and Fellowships that can be accessed at: www.sipa.columbia.edu/fellowships/. The database is updated regularly whenever we hear of new fellowship opportunities.   Recently, we added a new fellowship opportunity (EFN) for prospective applicants who are from Malawi, Mozambique, Nepal or the Eastern Pacific Ocean region.   We recommend that interested applicants start to search for fellowships, as soon as possible and not wait until you receive admission into a program to start the search process so you do not miss any deadlines.

Human Rights are a Source of Conflict in the World Essay

In the present day global atmosphere it is understood that human rights are a source of conflict. It is understood that the policy of non- intervention in states causes problems in retrospect to colonialism, and in addition to understanding that human rights are a source of conflict as they impede upon the rights of women and undermine a large proportion of the worlds population causing conflict between genders and in the state itself. In supplementation to this, human rights and state security come to conflict in accordance to recognizing that a government is prioritizing the state over the people and impeding on human rights and security. Human rights shine in the spotlight when it comes to causing conflict on an inclusive and†¦show more content†¦When addressing the ideological perspective of feminism and fitting it into the international orb of human rights it is understandable that violence against women and girls is especially prominent within the world (Lamy 2014, 247 ). It doesn’t matter whether it is a developing country, or whether it is a first world country. It seems that women and girls encase a different world altogether, some may even argue that this is a fourth world to live in. With staggering levels of women as victims of rape, torture, and sexual slavery the levels of advancement that women have procured in the international global force seems minimal (Dutta 2006, 29). Women serve as targets in war-affected areas due to the sharp increase of domestic violence. In war-affected areas there is also a spike in the number of females trafficked to become forced sex workers or laborers (Dutta 2006, 29). The sad reality behind females procuring the number one position in attracting violence upon them involves the social and cultural symbol that they have procured on a worldwide base; thereby violence against women is founded on the basisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary H. Cooper s Article, Women And Human Rights1236 Words   |  5 Pa gesand religious conflicts around the world, many women and girls are left with physical scars and emotional anguish that serve as a reminder of the agony they experienced when receiving violent punishments. These acts of violence, which are viewed as an infringement of their human rights, are given as social punishments for, seemingly, minor infractions. This, unfortunately, is the circumstance many women face, as described by author Mary H. Cooper in the article, â€Å"Women and Human Rights†. The author’sRead MoreThe Security Implications Of Environmental Degradation And Resource Decline1718 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough to actual conflict on the basis of resource shortage due to human induced or natural degradation of the environment is a genuine threat to regional peace and stability. The question of concern is not just what are the security implications but importantly how can we equally distribute and correctly maximize the use our natural resources to sustain ourselves and to enable expansion and growth in our region that in turn drives forward global economies for the benefit of all human beings. We can’tRead MoreFresh Water Conflict in Middle East Essay660 Words   |  3 Pagesthe allocation of freshwater. Israel has shown in the past that it will attempt to control and source water with its interest first rather than on the region as a whole. As such, any long-term peace is highly dependent on how Israel and its neighbors handle their limited water resources. Of the vast quantities of water on this planet, only about three percent is freshwater and thus suitable for human consumption. The largest portion of that is also bound in ice caps, icebergs, and glaciers and asRead MoreSociology: Beliefs of the Supernatural677 Words   |  3 Pagesfaith in it. There are a lot of religions in the world, each with their own belief. The beliefs here usually are a set of teachings of what’s right and what’s wrong. Some beliefs also explain extraordinary events that happen, like what happen after you die? Or, how was this world created? Typically, these beliefs and explanations usually came from one supernatural source: God. Most religion believed that God is a supernatural being that creates the world and also mankind. They also believed that He/SheRead MoreThe Partition Of Israel And Palestine966 Words   |  4 PagesSince the UN partition of Israel and Palestine in 1947, Israel has been placed in many instances of conflict between the Jewish migrants to the region and the Palestinian natives. Several conflicts resulted in open, declared war, such as the First Arab-Israeli War of 1948-1949, and the Yom Kippur War of 1973. In addition, Israel has been involved in the occupation of the West Bank and the blockade of the Gaza Strip. After the last open war, Israel’s occupation of the West Bank has been marked byRead MoreEssay on Role of Geography in the Arab-Israeli Conflict1675 Words   |  7 Pages The lust for territory seems to be the real source of conflict, and until one group is satisfied, the appearance of religious conflict will exist in the Middle East. It seems as if the real truth needs to be portrayed to the rest of the world about the true reason for the Arab-Israeli conflict, which is geography and ultimately water. The lack of water stems from the Great Syrian Rift Zone, and causes damage to Israeli land which ultimately decreases the amount of water that flows into the RedRead More Fukyama V huntington Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesFrancis Fukuyama and Samuel Huntington are two of the most controversial and influential modern political theorists of our times. Fukuyama’s book, The End of History and the Last Man, and Huntington’s book, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, pose two very conflicting theories on international relations. In this paper I will summarize and compare/contrast the two theories. Both theories, written since the fall of communism and updated since the first gulf war, have been widely readRead More The Cycles of International Conflict 1298 Words   |  6 PagesWars have been waged for decades creating the world we live in today. Charles Tilly observed, â€Å"the state made war and war made the state† (qtd in Sernau, 2009, 147). However, these battles have been destructive and bloody resulting in the deaths of countless individuals. These grave consequences lead us to ask the ever problematic question, what could possibly motivate a state to engage in warfare? Fundamentally, some believe war is linked to a conflict of political and economic interests rooted inRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography : Representation For Maori1248 Words   |  5 PagesAnnotated Bibliography: Representation for Maori in Parliament Source Citation Douglas, G. (2010) Social and Cultural Meanings of Tolerance: Immigration, Incorporation and Identity in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 125-148. This article examines the attitudes that New Zealanders have developed in response to immigration patterns and policy. Exploring how social hierarchy and ethnicity shape immigration tolerance through economic inequality concernsRead MoreMoakley Peace Medal Acceptance Speech860 Words   |  4 Pagesthan can be offered, standing as testaments to the ongoing desire for peace and the rational non-violent resolution of conflict that is embedded in this university and in communities throughout the world. It is with this understanding that I give thanks not only on behalf of my father and YaLa for the honor of receiving the Medal, but on behalf of all people affected by conflict for the convictions and the principles that led to the creation of this award and the committee and Chair that supports

Essay about Narrative and Genre in I Robot - 1119 Words

Narrative and Genre in I Robot The film ‘I Robot’ is a classic conventional sci-fi film. From the outset the audience establishes that this is of the science fiction genre due to the synthetic bubbles, vibrant colours, short snippets of wires and menacing orchestral music. The film shapes the particular expectations of the sci-fi genre by summoning up curiosity and suspense. The first character the audience sees is Will Smith. From this the audience can establish that he is the lead and central character. In addition, from his previous work, Will Smith is associated with sci-fi and action genres, such as Independence Day, Men in Black I and II and Bad Boys. Levi-Srauss’ concepts and†¦show more content†¦Instead of relying on technology in his house, he prefers to be in control. This is the purpose of the shower scene as firstly it shows that he is not using any technology to turn it on and off. Secondly, the nudity shows the beauty of the human frame and how advanced it is, much like the robots. This comparison with the human frame and robots is clear in other sci-fi action films such as The Terminator. The intertextuality with the advert for the NS5 Robots demonstrates the disruption the Robots cause, due to it juxtaposing the scene, and the mass impact that Robots have on the lives of the people who live in Chicago, as they are unable to avoid them. The apple pie represents family ideals and traditions. It is homemade and not synthetic, again showing Spooner’s non-conformist side. Spooner’s disrespect of the robots presents the audience with a common enemy for our hero. This is supported by the music abruptly stopping as Spooner leaves the house. Also later, a robot gets him into trouble with his chief after he believed the robot had been stealing. Spooner carries a gun, which is an iconic symbol in the action genre as it represents power and authority for our hero. At the point that the Robot is seen running with the bag, Spooner tells the man to hold the pie he is eating or wear it. This shows that he is an authoritativeShow MoreRelatedAvatar, By James Cameron Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesGiovanni Ribisi, Michelle Rodriquez, and Sigourney Weaver. The story formula or plot is the specific actions and events that filmmakers select, and the order in which they arrange those events and actions to effectively convey on-screen the movie’s narrative to a viewer. Avatar takes place in a futuristic mid-22nd century, a paraplegic marine, Jake Sully (Worthington), reports for duty, a mission meant for his now deceased brother, on the lush habitable moon in the Alpha Centauri star system, named PandoraRead MoreThe Wizard Of Oz And I Robot Analysis1864 Words   |  8 Pagesclassic, The Wizard of Oz and I, Robot, which premiered in 2004, are similar because in each film the main character follows a path that plays with time and space, faces the unknown while fighting an impossible opponent, and reach within to deep-rooted cultural values to win the battle so they can return to normalcy or their own original world. The format used in both of these films mimics the structure of a science fiction genre. By following the structure of t his genre, the writers and producers ofRead MoreHorror : Horror And Horror Film Essay2210 Words   |  9 Pagesindividual. (Horror Writers Association) This definition is far too dependent on the audience for its categorization. Although, the emotional argument being made in films is an essential factor when defining a genre, it cannot be the only device considered for defining the entirety of a genre. I contend that some films are objectively horrifying. Further, a definition of horror should not only incorporate a film’s emotional appeal. The definition must expand to include a film’s ethical and logical appealRead MoreThe Importance Of Science Fiction1847 Words   |  8 PagesScience Fiction is a genre of fiction that involves science and technology as a main aspect in its stories. It is a genre that has many subgenres such as apocalyptic or post-apocalyptic science fiction, zombie fiction, hard science fiction, dystopian fiction, time travel fiction, parallel wor ld fiction, alien fiction, science fiction horror, steampunk, and many more. Ideas in science fiction stories are meant to be believable, and achievable because they can be explained scientifically. Science fictionRead MoreThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesThe science-fiction film genre serves as an excellent medium for examining shifting power structures, social paranoia and Cold War politics during the 1950s. A number of films released during this period, including: Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956), The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), Them (1954) and Attack of the 50ft Woman (1958), are particularly symptomatic of the social and political atmosphere of the time. These films navigate not only narrative based issues such as the threat of aliensRead MoreAnalysis of the Short Story: Super Toys Last All Summer Long2732 Words   |  11 Pagesreal? I have been trying to answer this question since we started our project about robots. It’s a very complex question. The classical sense of what is real is something natural, something that is not man-made, for example the nature or the universe. But the world isn’t the same as it was for hundred years ago and the reality concept has moved in time with the technology. For instance I read an article where computers had been taken over the stock trading instead of real manpower. The robots are mechanicalRead MoreSex And The City And Blade Runner2220 Words   |  9 Pagesfrom the timeline era, character and event but witnessing two very important life lessons on labels. Blade Runner is a fast thriller movie a race to find the robots who are running out of time to find the Dr. who created them. The Blade Runner film was in 1982 where is based upon the year of November 2019 to the future. Having human robots made by Dr. Eldon. In the first scene was two men question another man later explored the building. They were asked questions about emotions and life questionsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Interstellar By Christopher Nolan Essay3252 Words   |  14 Pageslady: Ellen Burstyn), Tars (Bill Irwin), Case (Josh Stewart), Murph (same age as cooper when he left: Jessica Chastain), Tom (grown man: Casey Affleck), Mann (Matt Damon). We are also going to look at the fundamentals of film form, genre conventions, the elements of narrative, the elements of design, cinematography and lighting, and casting actors. Before we watch a movie, you might have a good idea what the movie is about just from looking at the cover or seeing the trailer or even becauseRead MoreThe Matrix, By The Wachowski Brothers2370 Words   |  10 Pagesimagination, in a way that is realistic and believable, is one that is hard to replace within the genres of science fiction and fantasy. A classic example of such a film is ‘The Matrix’ a science fiction masterpiece directed by The Wachowski Brothers. Released in 1999, the film has an extreme amount of depth not only in its storyline, but in its innovative use of visual effects and camerawork. Therefore in this essay I have decided to critically examine the underlying thematic content of ‘The Matrix’, andRead MoreEssay about Sci-fI Films2199 Words   |  9 Pages In this essay I am going to discuss about the topic: â€Å"Science fiction often plays off the real against the artificial, either in the form of humans versus non-human (androids, cyborgs, synthetics), or the world versus the non-world (cyberspace, inner-space, intentional space)†. I have chosen the films â€Å"The Matrix† and â€Å"Bicentennial Man† An explosion in information access and exchange is fueling the Information Superhighway that was created as a result of the computer revolution. If technology

Massive disappearance Free Essays

You awoke one day then you find that the world becomes suddenly empty of about 11 million Latinos that comprise at least the area of California. This is the controversial core premise behind the film â€Å"A Day Without a Mexican†. In essence, the film appears to highlight the idea of how America at least is dependent on the workings of this often-abused sector of the society. We will write a custom essay sample on Massive disappearance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Directed and co-written by Sergio Arau along with Yareli Arizmendi, the movie emphasizes the stereotyping of Latinos as Mexicans in California, and presumes all of these individuals are illegitimate immigrants. Moreover, the primary message that the film seeks to convey is that many individuals in the society take for granted the contributions brought both by legal and illegal Latino immigrants who work for these people. The range of the contributions of these Latinos covers most—if not all—of the essential endeavors in the society. From being a fruit harvester to being elite executives in a renowned place like California, Latinos play a huge role in the performance of the nation’s economy. This is one of the significant messages underlying the movie which is based on a brief film of the same director. The content of the movie can be summarized in the idea that an unexplained event covers California. That is, people within the state cannot communicate with individuals residing outside California. This is coupled with the disappearance of all the Latinos which heightens the chaos that surrounds the people. Particularly in California, the film depicts the central idea that nobody in the place likes or appreciates Latinos. This feeling is overturned by the sudden events in the movie, specifically the part which shows the disappearance of the Latinos. What the film is essentially attempting to establish is this idea: that, perhaps, the only way for everybody to realize the social worth and individual importance of these Latinos is to make them feel their absence in the society. That way, the disappearance of the Latinos will force these people to do the usual things and important social roles by themselves—which is why Latinos are an important segment of California. The movie narrates this plot by portraying the lives of four individual characters, all of whom share an integral part in their respective professions. A teacher as well as a common housewife, Mary Jo Quintana shares the same effect of the wide disappearance of Latinos with Senator Abercrombie, Louis McClaire, and Lila Rodriguez. In general, the massive disappearance opens up their once-private lives. As experts bring up various theories in an attempt to explain the disappearance of the Latinos, the status of the entirety of California starts to decline. The events led to the depreciation in the cleanliness of the state as garbage mounts in the streets of California and in the economic devastation of the state. This in particular sums up the idea that, indeed, Latinos have an important role in the continuance and progress not only of California but of America as a whole. How to cite Massive disappearance, Papers

Lord Of The Flies Essays (389 words) - Software, Fiction

Lord of the Flies Last Summer I spent a week in my Aunts cabin in northern Minnesota. One afternoon while swimming with my cousins in the lake, I had found a unique clam shell. It was silvery and rainbow like on the inside and creamy white on the outside. My little cousins enjoyed looking and playing with it the remaining part of the week. When it was time to leave they both wanted to keep the shell. The wanted to claim power over it by saying ?It's mine!!? To resolve this dilemma I took the shell and tossed it far into the water. This action seemed to resolve the problem between the two boys, but then they both became mad at me! This is like how the conch played a important role in this story Lord of the Flies. A power struggle between two boys to gain control over someone ore something. In the beginning of this book the conch was regarded as having power and authority: ?I'll[Ralph] give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he is speaking.? (Golding 33) The struggle of power in this book was very strong separation of the groups. The conch seemed to be the only common bond between the two groups. Even though Jacks' group was separate, when Ralph blew the conch in chapter 10 the boys on Jacks side came out and looked to see what was going on, they still believed in the power of the conch: ?He [Ralph] put the conch to his lips and began to blow. Savages appeared, painted out of recognition, edging round the ledge toward the neck. Ralph went on blowing and ignored Piggy's terrors? (175). Once the conch was shattered into a million pieces, the dwindling power left in Ralph's group was completely gone, Piggy was dead and Sam n' Eric had converted to Jacks group of savages. Ralph was alone. Then unable to pick up the pieces, Ralph continued to endure the hatred and aggravation of Jacks savage society all by himself. Chased onto the beach, Ralph spotted a man, an officer from a naval ship. In short, this man represented the conch. He brought everyone left on the island together, in peace. The power between the children on the island had been resolved.

Five Steps to Applying to Law School

Five Steps to Applying to Law School How do you get into law school? One step at a time. Even if you havent taken the LSAT yet, get a full understanding of the entire process with this step-by-step guide for applying to law school. 1. Take the LSAT The first step in applying to law school is taking the  LSAT. Your LSAT is basically tied with your GPA for the most important number for law schools. The test is designed to measure skills that are considered essential for success in law school. Scores range from 120 to 180, with 120 being the lowest possible score and 180 the highest possible score.† The average LSAT score is about 150. You can see the LSAT percentiles of the top 25 law schools in the nation for reference. Be sure to prepare as much as possible for the test  as its best that you only take it once. You can take it again if you are unhappy with your first score, but be sure to ask yourself  these five questions  before you retake the LSAT. For more advice on LSAT prep, click  here. 2. Register With the LSDAS If you didnt do so when signing up for the LSAT, register with the LSDAS  as it will make applying to law schools much easier. This is the main system that law schools use to collect all the application requirements from their students. Therefore, creating an account is essential to the application process. 3. Decide Where to Apply to Law School Applying to law school can get expensive, so its important to narrow down your list. You can also  visit schools  to get a feel for what it would be like to be a student there. Read through our extensive law school profiles and have in mind that if your score is above the 75th percentile at a given school, they are likely to offer you some money to attend their school. Therefore, keep your GPA and LSAT scores in mind while you are looking for schools. It’s a good idea to match your scores to your law school.   4. Write Your  Personal Statement LSAT scores and grades are the most important parts of law school applications, but  personal statements run a close third. Your goal in the  personal statement is  to show the  admissions committee  why you would be a valuable addition to their law school, and its never too early to get started on writing it. Don’t expect to produce a perfect statement on your first try. It is a good thing to constantly revise, go through several drafts, and consult with teachers and advisors. 5. Get Recommendations Law school recommendations  are the final piece to your application puzzle, and with some planning ahead of time, you can be sure to get glowing letters of recommendations from your referees. Ideally, you want to ask a teacher that you have a great relationship with or someone who can really speak to your character and potential. 6. Don’t Forget Financial Aid Unfortunately, even after finishing everything mentioned above, you’re not quite done. But you can’t forget this important step in the application process - it could save you a good amount of money.Each law school on your list may have a different application for applying to financial aid, so you need to research the process of each school separately. Schools may offer grants or loan programs in addition to merit scholarships. But don’t just limit your search for financial aid to your law school: there are many outside scholarships you can apply for to help decrease the cost of law school. Any kind of aid helps to lower your potential debt.

Feudalism - Worldwide Political and Social System

Feudalism - Worldwide Political and Social System Feudalism is defined by different scholars in different ways, but in general, the term refers to a sharply hierarchical relationship between different levels of landowning classes. Key Takeaways: Feudalism Feudalism is a form of political organization with three distinct social classes: king, nobles, and peasants.In a feudal society, status is based on land ownership.In Europe, the practice of feudalism ended after the Black Plague decimated the population. A feudal society has three distinct social classes: a king, a noble class (which could include nobles, priests, and princes) and a peasant class. Historically, the king owned all the available land, and he portioned out that land to his nobles for their use. The nobles, in turn, rented out their land to peasants. The peasants paid the nobles in produce and military service; the nobles, in turn, paid the king. Everyone was, at least nominally, in thrall to the king, and the peasants labor paid for everything. A Worldwide Phenomenon The social and legal system called feudalism arose in Europe during the Middle Ages, but it has been identified in many other societies and times including the imperial governments of Rome and Japan. American founding father Thomas Jefferson was convinced that the new United States was practicing a form of feudalism in the 18th century. He argued that indentured servants and slavery were both forms of yeoman farming, in that access to land was provided by the aristocracy and paid for by the tenant in a variety of ways. Throughout history and today, feudalism arises in places where there is an absence of organized government and the presence of violence. Under those circumstances, a contractual relationship is formed between ruler and ruled: the ruler provides access to the required land, and the rest of the people provide support to the ruler. The entire system allows the creation of a military force that protects everyone from violence within and without. In England, feudalism was formalized into a legal system, written into the laws of the country, and codifying a tripartite relationship between political allegiance, military service, and property ownership. Roots English feudalism is thought to have arisen in the 11th century CE under William the Conquerer, when he had the common law altered after the Norman Conquest in 1066. William took possession of all of England and then parcelled it out among his leading supporters as tenancies (fiefs) to be held in return for services to the king. Those supporters granted access to their land to their own tenants who paid for that access by a percentage of the crops they produced and by their own military service. The king and nobles provided aid, relief, wardship and marriage and inheritance rights for the peasant classes. That situation could arise because Normanized common law had already established a secular and ecclesiastical aristocracy, an aristocracy that relied heavily on the royal prerogative to function. A Harsh Reality The upshot of the takeover of the land by the Norman aristocracy was that peasant families who had for generations owned small farmsteads became renters, indentured servants who owed the landlords their allegiance, their military service and part of their crops. Arguably, the balance of power did allow for long-term technological progress in agricultural development  and kept some order in an otherwise chaotic period. Just before the rise of the black plague in the 14th century, feudalism was firmly established and working across Europe. This was a near-universality of family-farm tenure by conditionally hereditary leases under noble, ecclesiastical or princely lordships who collected cash and in-kind payments from their subject villages. The king essentially delegated the collection of his needs- military, political and economic- to the nobles. By that time, the kings justice- or rather, his ability to administer that justice- was largely theoretical. The lords dispensed the law with little or no kingly oversight, and as a class supported each others hegemony. Peasants lived and died under the control of the noble classes. The Deadly End Plague Victims Blessed by a Priest (14th Century Illuminated Manuscript). http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/medieval_globe/1/. Quibik An ideal-typical medieval village was comprised of farms of about 25–50 acres (10–20 hectares) of arable land managed as open-field mixed farming and pasturage. But, in reality, the European landscape was a patchwork of small, medium, and large peasant holdings, which changed hands with the fortunes of the families. That situation became untenable with the arrival of the Black Death. The late-medieval plague created catastrophic population collapse among rulers and ruled alike. An estimated number of between 30–50 percent of all Europeans died between 1347 and 1351. Eventually, the surviving peasants in most of Europe achieved new access to larger land parcels  and gained enough power to shed the legal shackles of medieval servility. Sources Clinkman, Daniel E. The Jeffersonian Moment: Feudalism and Reform in Virginia, 1754–1786. University of Edinburg, 2013. Print.Hagen, William W. European Yeomanries: A Non-Immiseration Model of Agrarian Social History, 1350–1800. Agricultural History Review 59.2 (2011): 259–65. Print.Hicks, Michael A. Bastard Feudalism. Taylor and Francis, 1995. Print.Pagnotti, John, and William B. Russell. Exploring Medieval European Society with Chess: An Engaging Activity for the World History Classroom. The History Teacher 46.1 (2012): 29–43. Print.Preston, Cheryl B., and Eli McCann. Llewellyn Slept Here: A Short History of Sticky Contracts and Feudalism. Oregon Law Review 91 (2013): 129–75. Print.Salmenkari, Taru. Using Feudalism for Political Studia Orientalia 112 (2012): 127–46. Print.Criticsm and for Promoting Systemic Change in China.

Discuss how international management is different from domestic Essay

Discuss how international management is different from domestic management - Essay Example It is also noted that the involved countries have widespread variations in the currencies (Brooke, 1996). This paper seeks to discuss the factors that set aside international management from domestic management. International management, as used in this context, refers to the process of carrying out business activities and operations on the international setting (Mordern, 2004). As such the management is concerned with the establishment of good relations with other countries. As noted, management takes into consideration the diversity in cultural aspects often associated with transactions with other international business organizations. International management is asked with a responsibility to perform supervisory services on the practices involved in the business, as well as operation in foreign countries. This happens because of the partnerships, mergers, as well as out sourcing of the workforce (Mordern, 2004). Such operations and practices help the company to achieve its targets. Moreover, international management is brought by the changing trends in the operations of business which challenges the capability of the organization in handling the changes (Mordern, 2004). This implies that international management incorporates some of the traditional management practices and techniques in order to achieve its primary goal. The traditional management techniques are altered in a manner to fit the standards of global management. It should be noted that international standards take in consideration of legal and ethical issues as well as the multicultural aspects in order to avail the services to expanded population (Rodriques, 2009). Furthermore, international management oversees the operations in a number of facilities within the foreign land, this is normally seen as a move to woo the international population (Goodertham and Nordhaug, 2003). Domestic management, on the other hand, refers to the traditional type of management that is normally carried out in a part icular region or a country (Thomas, 2002). It should be noted that the primary target for domestic management is slightly different from international management. With domestic management involving a single country, international management, involves operations between two or more countries (Thomas, 2002). By examining the primary target for the international and domestic management, it can be established that international management might be said to be inclusive of the larger market population in different regions across the world, while domestic management covers only a small population within the country of operation. However, when international management is examined in relation to the global management, it can be established that the target market appears as an average population (Brooke, 1996). Following that, it becomes evident that international management appears to be more demanding in the context of operation techniques and strategies as well as the necessary resources d ue to the wider scope. In terms of human resource management, it can be pointed out that international human resource management focuses on the diverse cultural differences as well as legal and ethical issues relating to the cultural settings (Rodrigues, 2009). On the other hand, domestic human resource management is guided by state laws and the ethical issues as such, such that little change can be done in their management strategies and

Methodology Chapter (2) Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Methodology Chapter (2) - Dissertation Example Figure 2.1 In vitro effects of sildenafil on murine embryo development 2.1.2 In vivo effects of sildenafil on murine embryo development This part of the experiment was not conducted due to requirement for changes in the license. However, the in vivo effects on the development of oocyte would have been examined by injecting sildenafil on female mice for a period of four days with the following three doses: 0.5 mg/kg, 1.5mg/kg and 2.5mg/kg. Afterwards, the female mice would be mated naturally with males; then one-day old zygotes would be harvested from sacrificed females. The number of oocytes and corpora lutea recorded would be used to determine the rate of ovulation. Thereafter, the embryos would be grown to blastocysts again in a media not supplemented with sildenafil. The quality of development of the embryos would then be determined by examining their development rate, and assessing the numbers of the blastocyst cells (figure 2.2). Figure 2.2 In Vivo effects of sildenafil on murin e embryo development 2.1.3 Expression of PDE5a in the mouse pre-implantation embryo The experiment was conducted by examining the presence of PDE5 mRNA in murine embryos at the successive stages of embryo development. The embryos used for study were obtained from mice that had been mated naturally. On the other hand, the blastocysts had been cultured in standard conditions. 2.2 Sildenafil Citrate purification from commercially available Viagra tablets In both the in vitro and in vivo experiments, sildenafil had been cleansed from commercially available Viagra tablets by leaving 20g sephadex G-25 overnight to swell in 100ml of distilled water. A column of 80ml was then applied with the sephadex gel and equilibrated in 100ml of distilled water at room temperature. A Viagra tablet of 38mg was then placed in 91.2ml of distilled water and slowly mixed with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for a period of twenty minutes. It was then filtered for 20 minutes under a temperature of 4 d egrees Celsius. The liquid in which sildenafil has been dissolved was then applied on the column. The column was rinsed with the Viagra solution just before it was flushed with 400ml of water to wash away any possible small molecules. This way, only sildenafil was left precipitated to resin. The column was then applied with 1% Formic acid to rinse the sildenafil off. The absorbance of the rinsed solution was then observed and according to Francis et al. (2003), the rinsed sildenafil had a sharp peak absorbance at 40ml (Figure 3.1). Figure 3.1 Elution of pure sildenafil from sephadex column After sildenafil was rinsed, the column was washed again with 160ml or distilled water to eliminate the formic acid. After the column was free of formic acid, it was then washed with 320ml of 0.2% sodium azide in order to preserve it for later use. The rinsed sildenafil was then frozen at temperatures of -80 degrees Celsius. It was then dried by freezing it in a high vacuum. This was done by first sublimating the contents for a period of 8 hours at 0.37 mbar and under a temperature of -53 degrees Celsius, then desorbing it at 0.001 mbar for 3 hours. The weight of the crystallized contents was determined by examining the rate of absorbance of sildenafil over the whole sildenafil that had been eluted, assuming that there had been a recovery rate of 60%. The eluted sildenafil was then dissolved in 0.1% formic acid in order to obtain the normal concentration of refined

ICT in the Community :: ICT Essays

ICT in the Community I live in the community of Maidenhead in the south-east of England. ICT is used everyday and without it the community would start to break down and the way of life would run much slower. Cyber cafes The cyber cafà © in Maidenhead is perfect for tourists that take digital photos and want to send them to family and friends, also if a tourist wants to contact family and friends it is probably cheaper to email them from a cyber cafà © that having to use the phone to call another country although using the phone is quicker than email. Also people from within the community can use cyber cafà ©s to do just about anything they would need to on a computer. They can read emails, send emails, browse the web and create documents. Some cyber cafà ©s also offer scanners, printers and photocopiers although the cyber cafà © in Maidenhead only offers a black and white printer. The down side with using a cyber cafà © is the price; to use the facilities in Maidenhead it costs  £5.00 per hour. Websites and Forums The Maidenhead Rugby Club has there own website which keeps fans up to date with the team and how things are going, this also gives contact details to get hold of people such as the manager and coach, so now they don't have to put adverts or news in the maidenhead advertiser which not only costs but it only gets publish weekly so information could be old or irrelevant. The website also offers a forum for fans to talk to each other about the team. The good thing about this website is that it is kept up to date by people that work along side the team so the information posted onto the site is true. The down side with the forum is that forums can go down and sometimes there can be problems with logins. The website could have the choice to have a live chat but with this messages are not save where as with a forum

The other peace settlements at the end of the 1st World War

To score two countries in a scale of 1 to 5 is not an easy thing. When you score something it mostly depends on which side you are. For example if you are a citizen of a defeated nation, you won't agree with the treaty at all, because you don't want your country to be smaller, you don't want your country to loose power! But as you had no choice then to accept that cruel treaty, you'll of course think it's VERY UNFAIR! And if you are a citizen of a new created state or a state that gain benefits from the defeated nations, you'll agree with the treaty, for example Czech citizen might be VERY happy of the treaties, because the Czechoslovakia were created. If there weren't any treaty, there'll be no Czech! For me as a foreigner (China), I'm looking at an outside way. I don't agree with the treaty! As your question asked, I can choose any two treaties of the four treaties, but it's for nothing, because I think all four treaties are unfair! I'll give 5 to all the treaties. The treaty took many territories from the defeated nations and some territories were very important for the country, because they are the main industry resource. In the treaty of Neuilly, they even took Bulgaria's power from the access to the Mediterranean. This point is VERY unfair! I think everybody might have access to the sea! Perhaps you'll think I'm very idealist, but I really think our world might be MORE fair! People might have more rights, the life of people might be more equal! They want to weak them as much as they can, that the defeated nations won't be able to attack them again. They are thinking only about their self. They are SO SELFISH! In fact some points of the treaty actually helped to stop the conflict between states, for example the treaty of St Germain. In this treaty Austria was separated from Hungary and many territories of Austria were given away and created as new states, but actually before this treaty, the old Austrian Empire had already collapsed in 1918 and many new states had already been set up, so this treaty was only sorting out the conflict between states. This point of the treaty is really not bad, but then many millions in Eastern Europe were given self-determination and freedom to rule themselves. Most of its industry had gone to Czechoslovakia. Nobody cared about how does this country (Austria) feels, how they think about it. So after this treaty, Austria collapsed and also suffered severe economic problems. All the defeated nations had to disarm and pay reparations. This is really very MEAN! The countries that made this treaty thought only about the benefits for them and to squeeze the defeated nations as hard as they can and also of course be sure they won't be able to attack them again. They've never thought about what will happen if they'll be the defeated nation, if they'll have to accept this kind of treaty. I'm sure if they are the one of the defeated nations, they won't agree with the treaty! From all the points, which I've written down, I give every treaty 5 on the scale of fairness.

Government throughout History and throughout Different...

Government throughout history and throughout different cultures has changed from one system to another. People fight for power, and a steady government means usually means more prosperous times. When bad times come, power levels may increase, overthrows are enacted, and sometimes the system itself changes. Societies often go about this differently, and patters may be hard to find. However, one thing that history seems to show is that rich people dominant the government. Social classes have always been a part of society, and those who already have more money, education, and resources tend to be the one’s ruling over those who have less. Most people who rule are given extra resources and valuable because they rule. But the pattern that is seen throughout history shows people who already had much, getting power, instead of an average person getting to power, then becoming rich. Ancient Egypt was a society centered on the Nile River. It was geographically advantageous because the Nile allowed for food surplus and protection from invaders. The government was dynastic succession with a Pharaoh as the leader. Egypt is a good example of rich dominance in the government because no forms of regular people having a voice are seen. As one of the earlier, powerful, and united (by Menes of Upper and Lower Egypt) societies, Egypt had its time of economic prosperity. But, there was still a separation between standard of living in the commoners versus the government and religious leaders.Show MoreRelatedThe Immigration Act Of 1882900 Words   |  4 PagesWith the founding of the United States government, many Americans have expressed a variety of attitudes towards those who differ from the majority culture. Furthermore, as can be seen throughout America s history, one can pull many example of how Americans have acted towards the other. 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